With the rapid development of urban rail transit network，a large number of subway shield tunnel near or even close to the railway box culvert construction. The shield tunneling excavation causing the unloading of neighborhood soil, inevitable role in the railway box culvert. In this paper, the numerical simulation method has been applied, a detailed analysis on the deformation mechanism of the railway box culvert effect by the shield tunnel construction, relying on the Beijing Metro Line through railway box culvert project. The calculation show that: when the shield tunnel excavation face away from the monitoring sites 3D （D:Shield tunnel diameter）distance, the railway box culvert began to appear settlement, After 3D spacing through monitoring sites, the railway box culvert settlement gradually stabilized. The shield tunnel underground crossing the railway box culvert, larger differential settlement would appear on both sides of the settlement joint, inevitable role in the operation safety of the train above the bridge. Before advancing of the shield machine, grouting reinforcement at the tunnel vault，could effectively reduce the railway box culvert settlement and differential settlement between two sides of settlement joint. The results of this paper has certain reference significance for the design and construction of the relevant engineering. 

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