At present it is assumed that the so-called cosmological term in the Einstein equations of gravity is responsible for the accelerated expansion of the universe experimentally observable. However, the discrepancy between the experimental data and the estimations of the cosmological constant Λ depending on the explanatory theoretical models reaches up to 120 orders of magnitude. The present article is devoted to the development of the idea of a neutron cluster (complex) and the solution on its basis to some topical issues of cosmology, in particular the calculation of the correct value of the cosmological constant. The consideration is based on the study of solutions of the Newton-Schrōdinger equations, obtained as a c^-2 expansion of the original Newton-Dirac equations for the neutron.  The expressions for the potential determining the motion of a baryon (neutron) in the Newtonian interpretation of the Friedman-Robertson-Walker model of the universe are compared with the potential resulting from the solution of the N-S equations at cosmological distances. Based on this comparison, an estimate of the number of neutrons in the cluster is determined, consistent with the previously obtained by other methods. The density distribution of the number of neutrons in the cluster is determined. Some consequences of the neutron cluster model for modern cosmology are discussed.

Cosmological constant, virtual particles, neutron, neutron cluster, Planck length, Planck mass.

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